Grammar school exam papers are a crucial part of the selective admissions process for grammar schools in the United Kingdom. These exams are commonly known as the “11 Plus” or “11+ exams, taken by children in their final year of primary school, typically at age 10 or 11. The goal of the exam is to assess a student’s academic ability and determine eligibility for entry into a grammar school.
In this guide, we’ll explore what grammar school exams entail, the subjects they cover, how they’re structured, tips for preparation, and what parents and students should keep in mind.
What Are Grammar Schools?
Grammar schools are state secondary schools in the UK that select students based on academic ability. They are different from comprehensive schools, which accept pupils regardless of academic performance. Grammar schools aim to offer a rigorous academic curriculum and often have a strong focus on university preparation.
Admission to a grammar school is competitive, and passing the 11+ exam is typically required. Not all areas of the UK have grammar schools; they are more common in counties like Kent, Buckinghamshire, Lincolnshire, and some parts of London.
What Is the 11 Plus Exam?
The 11 Plus exam is the entrance test used by grammar schools to select their incoming students. It is usually taken at the start of Year 6 (September), though the exact timing may vary by region or school. While there is no national standard for the exam, it usually covers the following subjects:
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Verbal Reasoning
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Non-Verbal Reasoning
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Mathematics
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English (Comprehension and Writing)
Each grammar school or local authority may design its own paper or work with exam providers such as GL Assessment or CEM (Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring). Some schools may also include written tasks such as essays or creative writing.
Exam Components Explained
1. Verbal Reasoning
Verbal reasoning tests assess a child’s ability to understand and reason using concepts framed in words. This includes vocabulary, logic, problem-solving, and comprehension skills. Students may be asked to:
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Find synonyms and antonyms
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Solve word-based puzzles
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Identify patterns in sequences of words
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Complete analogies
This section is designed to test natural aptitude rather than taught knowledge, though practice can greatly improve performance.
2. Non-Verbal Reasoning
Non-verbal reasoning examines a student’s ability to understand and analyze visual information. Questions often involve:
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Pattern recognition
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Shape sequencing
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Spatial awareness
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Logical deduction using images or diagrams
These tests are useful for identifying reasoning skills without relying heavily on language, helping to level the playing field across students from different educational backgrounds.
3. Mathematics
The maths section covers a range of topics up to the Key Stage 2 national curriculum. It typically includes:
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Arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
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Fractions and decimals
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Percentages
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Algebra (basic)
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Geometry and measurement
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Word problems
Students must demonstrate both procedural fluency and problem-solving abilities.
4. English
The English paper varies greatly depending on the exam board. It may involve:
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Reading comprehension (analyzing and answering questions on a text)
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Grammar, punctuation, and spelling
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Vocabulary usage
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Creative writing or essay writing (in some cases)
A strong command of written English and the ability to express ideas clearly are key to success in this section.
Exam Boards: GL Assessment vs. CEM
The two main exam providers are GL Assessment and CEM.
GL Assessment
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Separates each subject into distinct papers.
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Uses multiple-choice and standard format questions.
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Tests knowledge in verbal reasoning, non-verbal reasoning, English, and maths.
CEM (Durham University)
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Combines subjects into longer, mixed-format papers.
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Emphasizes skills over rote learning.
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Aims to reduce the impact of excessive tutoring.
Some grammar schools create their own exams or use a blend of both formats.
How to Prepare for Grammar School Exams
1. Start Early
Preparation should ideally begin in Year 4 or Year 5. Starting early allows time to build foundational skills and reduce pressure as the exam date approaches.
2. Use Practice Papers
Practice papers help familiarize students with the exam format, types of questions, and time constraints. GL and CEM-specific practice papers are available from bookstores and online.
3. Develop a Study Routine
Consistency is more effective than cramming. A structured study timetable can help students cover each subject area over time without burnout.
4. Focus on Weak Areas
Regular assessments and mock exams can highlight strengths and weaknesses. Targeted practice in weaker areas will yield the greatest improvement.
5. Read Widely
Reading books, newspapers, and magazines builds vocabulary, comprehension, and general knowledge, all of which are beneficial for verbal reasoning and English sections.
6. Consider Tutoring
Some families choose to hire tutors to guide their children through preparation. However, high-quality preparation can also be achieved through parental involvement, structured resources, and school support.
Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them
Test Anxiety
Many children experience anxiety around exams. Encouraging a positive attitude, practicing mindfulness, and reducing pressure can help ease nerves.
Time Management
Timed practice papers teach students how to manage the limited time they have during each section. Strategies such as skipping difficult questions and returning later can be useful.
Uneven Skills
Children often excel in one area but struggle in another. Balanced practice across all subjects ensures well-rounded preparation.
On the Day of the Exam
Students should:
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Get a good night’s sleep
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Eat a healthy breakfast
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Arrive early at the exam center
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Bring necessary materials (e.g., pencils, erasers)
Staying calm and focused during the test is essential. Students should be reminded that they’ve prepared well and to simply do their best.
What Happens After the Exam?
Results are usually released a few weeks after the exam. If a student achieves a qualifying score, they can apply to one or more grammar schools in their area. Admission is often subject to oversubscription criteria, including distance from the school, sibling priority, or other factors.
If a child does not pass the 11+, there are still many excellent comprehensive and independent schools available.
Conclusion
Grammar school exam papers are challenging but manageable with the right preparation and mindset. They are designed not only to test knowledge but also to evaluate reasoning, comprehension, and problem-solving skills. While passing the 11 Plus can open the door to a selective grammar school education, it’s important to remember that it is just one path among many toward academic and personal success.
With dedication, support, and a thoughtful study plan, students can approach grammar school exams with confidence and resilience.